From: anonymous@UAA.ALASKA.EDU
Subject: ear problems and dizziness from diving accident
Posted-By: xx108 (ENT Clinic Moderator)
Organization: Organization For Community Networks
Date: Wed, 04 Dec 1996 17:31:28 -0900
Newsgroups: ofcn.clinic.ent

Hi!
I am writing for a friend of mine who does not have internet access, and she asked me to post this question:

My friend, is an animal trainer at (we worked there together for 3 1/2 years, I left but she is still there). The trainers are required to take a physical fitness test every six months. One of the tests is a free dive (with just a mask) down to 24 feet to pick up a weight. The water is about 63 to 65 degrees, so it's pretty chilly. She took the test on a day that she was feeling kind of congested. At about 20 feet down she could feel that she was getting a "squeeze" because she couldn't clear her ears to equalize pressure. She kept going because she didn't want to fail the test. During the next several days she began to experience severe headaches and dizziness. When I talked to her she said it was kind of like vertigo, in that it was almost like being drunk. (At this point she was keeping up with the story about the Olympic diver with vertigo who was able to overcome it and dive.) She told me that no one could help her with the dizziness, but it was continuing to impare her work ability, and would occaisionally be incapacitating enough so that she couldn't sleep at night.

After 2 months, she was sent to a doctor who prescribed a drug generally used for high blood pressure, called Calan. At first she thought the doctor was some kind of miracle worker because her symptoms completely cleared up. After a month though, they started getting worse again, and the doctor decided to up the dosage. Symptoms cleared up again, then began to steadily worsen. Finally she began to experience severe side affects from the drug (she had 9 of the 10 symtoms listed on the warning label) including swelling of the hands and feet, tiredness, headaches and nausea. She stopped taking the Calan. The same doctor ordered an MRI but found nothing. Finally she called DAN-divers alert network, to get a referral for an MD specializing in diving medecine. After talking to her, he diagnosed her with a "round window fistula" or tear in her round window. He told her there wasn't anything he could do for her surgically, and she is now stuck with this condition, but no one seems to be able to offer her any relief. Do you have any alternative suggestions for what her condition might be, or any suggestions for possible treatment if it is actually a round window fistula?

Thanks for your help,

Sorry, I wanted to add some additional information to the stuff below. I submitted the question without reading thru some of the related articles

1. Alana is not suffering from any discharge from her ear. Thanks for your help,

Reply: --------------------

The description of the problem suggests an inner ear problem related to barotrauma from diving. Barotrauma denotes pressure-related injury from exposure to sudden pressure change such as that which might occur during rapid descent in an airplane with a poorly pressurized cabin, or diving. Individuals who are exposed to such physical conditions during a time when an upper respiratory condition such as a cold, sinusitis, or ear infection is present are particularly susceptible to developing barotrauma. Barotrauma can affect the middle ear, the inner ear, or the sinuses.

Inner ear barotrauma can be associated with whirling vertigo, alteration in hearing acuity, and tinnitus. This type of problem can be associated with a rupture of the round window membrane as you indicated, or it may be associated with a rupture of an internal membrane inside the inner ear. Frequently such ruptures can heal on their own spontaneously provided they be given an opportunity to do so. This means that one needs to avoid similar pressure changing environments, strenuous activities, bending, straining, nose-blowing etc. for a minimum of several days to a couple of weeks. The best advice is bedrest for a week. Urgent medical evaluation by an otolaryngologist is strongly advised if such symptoms have occurred in this type of situation (diving) so that an examination of the ear as well as a neuro-otologic assessment can be performed including audiometric studies. Suspected round window fistulas that continue to cause symptoms despite a week or more of conservative medical management including bedrest, and particularly when supported by objective findings from audiometric tests, warrant consideration of surgical exploration of the ear to evaluate the round window and patch it if fluid leakage is seen microscopically.

--

Steve Dankle, MD
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Milwaukee, Wis

NOTICE: OFCN is not engaged in the rendering of professional medical services. The information contained on this system or any other OFCN system should not supplant individual professional consultation. It is offered exclusively as a community education service. Advice on individual problems must be obtained directly from a professional.

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